Glossary

A HIPAA Privacy Rule standard requiring that when protected health information is used or disclosed, only the information that is needed for the immediate use or disclosure should be made available by the health care provider or other covered entity. This standard does not apply to uses and disclosures for treatment purposes (so as not to interfere with treatment) or to uses and disclosures that an individual has authorized, among other limited exceptions. Justification regarding what constitutes the minimum necessary will be required in some situations (e.g., disclosures with a waiver of authorization and non-routine disclosures).

A form of VNTR (Variable Number Tandem Repeat) in which the repeat units typically range from 10 to 100 bases. They are usually detected by Southern hybridization, using a probe comprising a clone of the repeat unit. The first DNA fingerprints were minisatellites detected in this way. Minisatellites tend to be located at the ends of chromosomes and in regions with a high frequency of recombination.

Million Instructions Per Second

Execution speed of a computer. MIPS rate is one factor in overall performance. Bus and channel speed and bandwidth, memory speed, memory management techniques, and system software also determine total throughput.

Axial offset of the joint members.

Capable to mix in all proportions with the stated solvent.

(DOD) An unplanned event or series of events resulting in death, injury, occupational illness, or damage to or loss of data and equipment or property, or damage to the environment. Synonymous: Accident.

Two or more straight sections of tube matched and joined in a plane bisecting the angle of junction to produce a change of direction.

Ministry of International Trade and Industry (Japan)

Animal-cell organelles that reproduce using their own DNA. They metabolize nutrients to provide the cell with energy and are believed to have once been symbiotic bacteria. Chloroplasts are their plant-cell equivalents.

A circular ring of DNA found in mitochondria. In mammals, mtDNA makes up less than 1% of the total cellular DNA, but in plants the amount is variable. It codes for ribosomal RNA and transfer RNA, but only some mitochondrial proteins (up to 30 proteins in animals), the nuclear DNA being required for encoding most of these.

Disjunction of replicated chromosomes and division of the cytoplasm to produce two genetically identical daughter cells. The division involves the appearance of chromosomes, their longitudinal duplication, and equal distribution of newly formed parts to daughter nuclei. It is separated into five stages: interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase.

The contamination at unsafe levels of one product with another via inadequate plant and process design or human error.

Room which is supplied of air by conventional “turbulent” means, such as a diffuser or terminal HEPA filter but also includes an unidirectional flow zone (such as a hood over a critical area). Total air changes of the room are greatly enhanced by the operation of the hood.

The use of both cation and anion exchange resin mixed together in one tank.

Mixing both anion and cation resins in the same deionizer results in higher efficiency but lower capacity, than separate-bed deionizers.

Mean Kinetic Temperature

Manufacturer’s License

Milliliter

Multiple Myeloma

Multimedia Filter

Metyl Methacrylate

Medicare Modernization Act

Mass Median Particle Diameter

A unit of measurement for pressure, millimeters (mm) of the metal mercury (Hg). At sea level, the earth’s atmosphere exerts 760 mmHg of pressure.