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  • Submission Agreement

    An OAIS term. The agreement reached between an Archive and the Data Producer that specifies a data model for data submission. This data model identifies format/contents and the logical constructs used by the Data Producer and how they are represented on each media delivery or in a telecommunication session.
  • Submission Information Package (SIP)

    An OAIS term. An Information Package that is delivered by the Producer to an archive for use in the construction of one or several Archival Information Packages.
  • Submission Information Package (SIP)

    An OAIS term. An Information Package that is delivered by the Producer to an archive for use in the construction of one or several Archival Information Packages.
  • Subprogram

    (IEEE) A separately compilable, executable component of a computer program. Note: This term is defined differently in various programming languages.
  • Subroutine

    (IEEE) A routine that returns control to the program or subprogram that called it. Note: This term is defined differently in various programming languages.
  • Subroutine Trace

    (IEEE) A record of all or selected subroutines or function calls performed during the execution of a computer program and, optionally, the values of parameters passed to and returned by each subroutine or function. Synonymous: Call trace.
  • Substitution

    Replacement of one nucleotide in a DNA sequence by another nucleotide or replacement of one amino acid in a protein by another amino acid.
  • Substrate

    1. A compound that is altered by an enzyme.2. Food source for growing cells or micro-organisms.3. Material on which a sedentary organism lives and grows.
  • Substratum

    The solid surface of which a cell moves or on which cells grow.
  • Subsurface Carbon Enrichment

    In metals, a rise in the carbon signal at depths from 15 to 20 angstroms (Å). This indicates that organic material is buried in cracks, crevices, pits, or smeared material. Subsurface carbon is most commonly found in materials having rough morphology generally associated with machining processes.
  • Sucrose Density Gradient Centrifugation

    A procedure used to fractionate mRNAs or DNA fragments on the basis of size.
  • Suicide Gene

    A strategy for making cancer cells more vulnerable to chemotherapy. One approach has been to link parts of genes expressed in cancer cells to other genes for enzymes not found in mammals that can convert a harmless substance into one that is toxic to the tumor.
  • Suitability

    (EMEA – CHMP) Assessment of the container closure system in regard to protection, safety, compatibility and performance (function).
  • Suite

    An architectural designation for a collection of adjacent and associated rooms that as a unit serve to house the equipment (one or several unit operations) associated with a "train". A suite has one entrance and one exit, and is typically established to satisfy a need associated with Primary Segregation. While a product "Train" may require several "Suites", conversely, several trains may be located in one suite. Samples of "Suites" would be Media or Buffer Preparation, Fermentation/Recovery or Purification.
  • Sulphhydryl Group

    Any compound of sulfur and another element, usually made by direct reaction of the elements.
  • SUPAC

    Scale-Up and Post-Approval Change
  • SUPAC (Scale-Up Post Approval Changes)

    Guidance documents developed by the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) as a means of maintaining product safety, efficacy, and quality, while providing substantial regulatory relief and flexibility to manufacturers. The SUPAC guidance documents make recommendations to drug product sponsors who intend the post-approval changes to the product in: the components or composition, the site of manufacture, and/or the manufacturing process and equipment.The concept of SUPAC is based on 21 CFR 314.70(a). There are six SUPAC guidance documents currently in existence or development, and FDA has asked ISPE to produce addenda for these as well.1.Immediate Release (SUPAC-IR) Solid Oral Dosage Forms2.Modified Release (SUPAC-MR) Solid Oral Dosage Forms3.Nonsterile Semi-Solid (SUPAC-SS) Dosage Forms4.Transdermal Products (SUPAC-TDS) – in development5.Bulk Additives (BACPAC) – in development6.Aqueous Solutions (PAC-SAS) – in development
  • SUPAC- MR

    Scale-Up and Post-Approval Change – Modified Release
  • SUPAC-IR

    Scale-Up and Post-Approval Change – Immediate Release
  • Super Austenitic Stainless Steel

    A subgroup of austenitic stainless steels having elevated levels of nickel, chromium, and molybdenum compared with standard austenitic stainless steels, e.g., UNS S31603 (316L), and that may have other additions, e.g., nitrogen and/or copper, to increase strength and resistance to pitting corrosion and stress corrosion cracking in the presence of chlorides.
  • Super Duplex Stainless Steel

    Those duplex stainless steel whose chemical composition is designed to result in a pitting resistance equivalent number (PREN) of at least 40.
  • Superbug

    Jargon for the bacterial strain of Pseudomonas developed by Chakrabarty, who combined hydrocarbon-degrading genes carried on different plasmids into one organism. Although this genetically engineered micro-organism is neither “super” nor a “bug”, it represents a landmark example because it showed how genetically modified microbial strains could be used in a novel way and because it was the basis for the precedent-setting legal decision that declared that genetically engineered organisms were patentable.
  • Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE)

    Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) refers to a process in which a Supercritical Fluid (SF) is used as a solvent. At critical temperatures and pressures, SFs possess the properties of both the liquid and gas, with density values similar to those of liquids and flow properties similar to those of gases, and are thus labeled as fluids. The most widely used SF gas is carbon dioxide (CO2).
  • Superheated Steam

    (EN 285) Steam whose temperature, at any given pressure, is higher than the indicated by the vaporization curve of water.
  • Supernatant

    The overlying fluid layer that remains after precipitation of a solid component through centrifugation.