Glossary

Triplet of nucleotide bases in transfer RNA that pairs with (is complementary to) a triplet in messenger RNA. For example, if the codon is UCG, the anticodon is AGC.

An agent that neutralizes a poison or counteracts its effects.

A chemical added to the fermentation broth to reduce surface tension and counteract the foaming (bubbles) that can be caused by mixing, sparging, or stirring.

Any of various foreign substances such as bacteria, viruses, endotoxins, exotoxins, foreign proteins, pollen, and vaccines, whose entry into an organism induces an immune response (antibody production, lymphokine production, or both) directed specifically against that molecule. Response may be demonstrable by means of an increased reaction, as in hypersensitivity (usually protein or a complex of protein and polysaccharide, or occasionally a polysaccharide of high molecular weight), a circulating antibody that reacts with the antigen, or some degree of immunity to infectious disease if the antigen was a microorganism or its products.

The capacity of a substance to function as an antigen – to trigger an immune response.

Inhibiting or preventing development of neoplasms; checking maturation and proliferation of malignant cells.

Chemotherapeutic agent that down regulates growth or kills cancer cells. May be classified as cytotoxic or Cytostatic.

Compound that slows the rate of oxidation reactions.

The non-coding strand in double-stranded DNA. The antisense strand serves as the template for mRNA synthesis.

Acting against sepsis. An antiseptic agent is one that has been formulated for use on living tissue such as mucous membranes or skin to prevent or inhibit growth or action of organisms. Antiseptics should not be used to decontaminate inanimate objects.

(USP <1072>) An agent that inhibits or destroys microorganisms on living tissue including skin, oral cavities, and open wounds.

The blood serum obtained from an animal after has been immunized with a particular antigen. It contains antibodies specific for that antigen as well as antibodies specific for any other antigens with which the animal has previously been immunized. Antisera are used to confer passive immunity to many diseases.

Reducing static electric charges by retaining enough moisture to provide electrical conduction.

Liquid cleaners that enhance surface conductivity of cleanroom tabletops, workstations, and other surfaces.

An antibody that is capable of neutralizing the specific toxin that stimulated its production in the body. Antitoxins are produced in animals for medical purposes by injection of a toxin or toxoid, with the resulting serum being used to counteract the toxin in other individuals.

National Health Surveillance Agency (Brazil)

Australia New Zealand Food Authority

Administrative Officer

Administration on Aging (DHHS)

Association of Official Analytical Chemists

Affirmation of Compliance [codes] (ORA)